bankexam

Precise writing at times becomes a difficult task for many aspirants and is really challenging for them to present a summarised format of the Paragraph presented to them...


I am providing some links hope it will ameliorate the said issue :




http://homepage.mac.com/karpenglish/planbook/AP%20English%20Language%20-%20Day%201,%20Block%201/Nov062008/Precis%20writing.pdf


http://faculty.mc3.edu/rdgreenw/precis/presentation.html


http://www.myteacherpages.com/webpages/MCspellman/index.cfm?subpage=109488


http://www.utexas.edu/courses/arens/can(n)on/PrecisTypes.pdf


More to come in the coming days.....



Do's and Don'ts:




http://www.ibpsexam.in/
A pr?cis is a shortening, in your own words, of a text of written work. You are to describe as accurately and briefly as possible the substance or main ideas contained in a text.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
One of the first (if not the first) difficulties to overcome in writing a pr?cis is getting the facts straight. You should make no[color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][size=13px !important]statements[/size][/color][/size] unsupported by the text. [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][size=13px !important]Make sure[/size][/color] that all you say about the text is factually correct.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Another difficulty is putting the [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]material[/size][/color] into your own words. To do so, read [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]the work[/size][/color] carefully at least three times, put the work aside, then begin writing. This will force you to use your own words without the temptation of borrowing directly from [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]the original[/size][/color].
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Selecting the most [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]effective[/size][/color] details is also a difficulty. Work to pick out those details that are of greatest significance. Some details are more important than others, and you must chose details according to the scale of importance.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Do not make any conclusions about the original, its audience, or anything relating to the text. [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]Your job[/size][/color] is to provide your reader an accurate, but brief, map of the original and what you think about the writing or the topic of the text is not relevant here.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
The pr?cis (pronounced pray-see) is a type of summarizing that insists on an exact reproduction of the logic, organization, and emphasis of the original [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]texts[/size][/color]. It is of particular use in situations in which you want to detail the relative order, proportions, and relationships of the original parts of a text. An effective pr?cis retains the logic, development, and argument of the originalin much shorter form. Thus, a pr?cis is useful when you are dealing with lengthy passages that demand careful attention to the logic and organization of an argument.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
To write an effective pr?cis, read the passage several times for a full understanding. Note key points. It may, in fact, be helpful to underline these words. Restate each paragraph in one or two sentences. In cases where there are very short paragraphs, combine them in your restatement. Make sure that you retain the precise order of the original points, and combine the sentences into one or more smooth paragraphs. Finally, [color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]check your[/size][/color] pr?cis against the original to be sure that it is exact and retains the order, proportions, and relationships of the original.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
What is the essence of a pr?cis?
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
It is a short summary of the essential ideas of a longer composition; the basic thought of a passage is reproduced in miniature, retaining the mood and tone of the original. No interpretation or comment should be interjected. It must possess clear, emphatic diction and effective sentence construction. Its unity and coherence should be emphasized through smooth, unobtrusive transitions. Your summary must be intelligible to a reader who has not seen the original and should have solid compositional worth.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
100 - 200 words is the desired length of a pr?cis, unless otherwise specified.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
How to write a pr?cis?

http://www.ibpsexam.in/
First, write an outline of the main ideas - those you see as most important. Think of it this way - you are summarizing the lecture for a friend who missed the class and the material will be on an upcoming test. Also, you may want to include a brief[color=rgb(0, 153, 0) !important][/size][size=13px !important]statement[/size][/color] about the tone, audience, or purpose of the article.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Second, put your outline into sentence/paragraph form.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Third, count the number of words and make necessary changes.
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
http://www.ibpsexam.in/
Do's and Don'ts of Pr?cis Writing

• Start your pr?cis by creating context (setting) and stating the main idea of the piece. Then you should begin presenting the method that the author used to defend this thesis.
• Always state the name of the article/document, the author and the source (is it from a magazine, book, encyclopedia, etc.)
• Do not use the words "in this article." Use the style "Crane argues that the most significant contribution of the Czechs was . . "
• When writing about history, use the past tense.
• Do not use abbreviations or contractions.
• When looking at primary sources, you should make note of the origin, purpose, value, and limitations of the document. (See website on Evaluation of sources)
• Count your "ands."
• Avoid words like big, good, bad, little, and a lot. Also, do not use the phrase "throughout history." This is clich?.
• Titles of texts should be put in italics OR underlined.
• RUN A SPELL CHECK!!!
• Before writing all these first count the total number of all the words in that paragraph and divide it by 3,example:150 words, 150/3=50. So we have to finish the precis within 50 words

http://www.ibpsexam.in/


Attaching a sample format for presentation of your Precise :

Official Letter Format -





SomeTechnical Stuff -


https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:k8bpJtrVJ3oJ:writingforresults.net/Acro_3/4_msg/2_format/letters.pdf+Format+of+unofficial+letter&hl=en&gl=in&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShvUOPZFZm4ZOnOtywmbDC-tY8XxEUkzOEz9G42Rsz4bfKVncSY-AaxPhPahkrExjvBn6Tbu-vcGgmxdzN6PZQFS19DwCMCchCDp7-tqNV_MS5msHCbNiE8g882uQmC7tOwM5q-&sig=AHIEtbSp2E0_cs7omVanyjQ0njTGos3etQ


Friendly Letter -










Some of the Best resource around the web :




http://www.letterwritingguide.com/








I hope the given materials will help U in your preparations...






Attaching 500 Sample Letter Formats.

I hav noticed it that when people start with Bank Exam Preparations they have no clue regarding where to start what to practice and how proceed...


Also they have very little knowledge about the syllabus of the Exams and Preparation which needs to be taken.


If U have decided to working in the Banking Industry and if U are confused where to start and how to Proceed , then here is the thread which will give you a head start :








Bank Exams Syllabus :-

1. Test of Reasoning/Mental Ability/Aptitude:

This section usually tries to test the reasoning abilities and mental aptitude of the candidate. Questions are asked mainly from the following categories.

VERBAL

    * Number Series
    * Alphabet Series
    * Test of Direction Sense
    * Coding-Decoding
    * Number Ranking
    * Arithmetical Reasoning
    * Problem on Age Calculation
    * Blood Relations
    * Analogy
    * Decision Making etc.

NON-VERBAL

    * Non Verbal Series
    * Mirror Images
    * Cubes and Dice
    * Grouping Identical Figures
    * Embedded Figures etc

2. Quantitative Aptitude:

This section tests the quantitative and mathematical skills of the candidate. Questions are asked mainly from the following categories.

    * Number System
    * HCF, LCM
    * Simplification
    * Decimal Fractions
    * Ratio and Proportions
    * Unitary Method
    * Percentage
    * Time and Distance
    * Time and Work
    * Profit and Loss
    * Average
    * Simple and Compound Interest
    * Mensuration (2D and 3D)
    * Algebra
    * Data Interpretation

3. English:

This section is designed to test the language abilities and understanding of English grammar. Questions are asked mainly from the following categories.

    * Verb
    * Adverb
    * Subject Verb Agreement
    * Error Correction
    * Tenses
    * Sentence Rearrangement
    * Fill in the Blanks with Modals, Articles etc
    * Comprehension
    * Answering questions based on Unseen Passages
    * Vocabulary
    * Synonyms
    * Antonyms

4. General Awareness:

This section is checks whether the candidate keep himself/herself up to date with the world around them. Questions are asked mainly from the following categories.

    * Current Affairs (National and International)
    * Major Financial/Economic News
    * Budget and Five Year Plans
    * Who’s Who
    * Sports
    * Books and Authors
    * Awards and Honours
    * Science - Inventions and Discoveries
    * Abbreviations
    * Important Days
    * International and National Organisations

Some reference materials :




http://books.google.co.in/books?id=i8NxNmWS2wsC&printsec=frontcover]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=bOul8G-gc-AC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=s1bkCS6__lMC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=qF6V0C7pBaYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=qF6V0C7pBaYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=9ewB_jeO8-0C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=f3rG72Lsei4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=EsTW6ydqCZ0C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false]

Often while Appearing for Banking Examination I find People really tensed and worried with the Descriptive writing / Essay writing Part.






This section is equally Important for selection , candidates being fully aware of it can do nothing and they are puzzled .






What to write ?






What Points to Incorporate ?






How to Write ?






Which points to Include ?






Any myriads of other Questions?














Now the first Step of Effective writing is ? Grasp of Subject Knowledge.






Banking Essays / Paragraphs has a wide ranging subject , from Leh Man Brothers , Osama Bin Laden , Obama?s Noble Prize to Agriculture , Child Rights to Subprime Crisis and Globalisation and Liberalisation.






So a candidate is xpected to be fully aware about things happening around him / her.






For this daily analysis of Leading English Newspaper is helpful because ?






It Improves your Command over English Language
It helps you to have sufficient Articles for Reading Comprehension Passages in Banking Exams
It helps you to dissect articles and staying aware about recent happenings.










Now after having knowledge about the subject the major problem which arises is how to write and What to Write










For this part we are going to use a simple Formula . Yeah you hear it right we are indeed going to use a simple Formula called






S L E P T






S ? Societal






L ? Legal






E ? Economical, Environmental






P ? Political, Philosophical, Psychological






T ? Technological














Now the Question which arises is how is this going to help us?










While writing any descriptive section keep in mind to incorporate the following Points , for an effective Essay / Paragraph.














What does Societal Factors Include?














Incorporate / Try to include the following Points in your Essay ?






Criminality, deviance, law and punishment


Economic sociology


Environment


Education


Family, gender, and sexuality


Health and illness


Internet


Knowledge and science


Media


Military


Political sociology


Race and ethnic relations


Religion


Social networks


Social psychology


Stratification


Urban and rural sociology


Work and industry










What to Include in Legal ?














Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?






International law


Constitutional and administrative law


Criminal law


Contract law


Tort law


Property law


Equity and trusts














What to Include in Economy?










Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?














Markets


Production, cost, and efficiency


Specialization


Supply and demand


Firms


Uncertainty and game theory


Market failure


Public sector


Macroeconomics


Growth


Business cycle


Inflation and monetary policy


Fiscal policy and regulation


International economics


Practice


Theory


Empirical investigation


Profession










What to Include in Environment?










Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?














Composition


Geological activity


Water on Earth


Oceans


Rivers


Streams


Lakes


Ponds


Atmosphere, climate and weather


Atmospheric layers


Principal layers


Effects of global warming


Climate


Weather


Life


Ecosystems


Biomes


Biogeochemical cycles


Wilderness














What to Include in Politics ?










Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?














Patriarchal societies


The state


The state and property


The state and the justice system


The state


The state and the executive system


The varieties of political experience


Political party


As an academic discipline


Spectra


Left-right politics


Authoritarian-libertarian politics


World politics














What to Include in Philosophy ?










Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?














Realism and nominalism


Rationalism and empiricism


Skepticism


Idealism


Pragmatism


Phenomenology


Existentialism


Structuralism and post-structuralism


The analytic tradition










What to Include in Psychology ?










Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?














Biological


Clinical


Cognitive


Comparative


Developmental


Educational and school


Industrial?organizational


Personality


Social


Professional Psychology


Positive Psychology


















What to Include in Technology?






Try to incorporate the following Points in your Essay ?










Stone tools


Fire


Clothing and shelter


Energy and Transport


Technology and philosophy


Technicism


Optimism


Skepticism and Critics of Technology


Appropriate technology


Technology and competitiveness


Other animal species


Future technology


















Now after this long list you must be thinking ? Oh God , How to Incorporate all these points in a single Essay ?










Don?t worry this is just a mere guideline as to what points you should ideally incorporate to your essays to make it presentable , worth quality points and score a good marks?






Some topics here needs a deep analysis and a bit of research ? Go ahead , search wikipedia for those topics to incorporate in your next banking essay and see the difference it makes to your descriptive score..

This thread is for copy pasting all important news from the Science and Technology world , copy pasted from various sources .

Please mention the source of your Information !

This thread is for updating daily International Affairs from leading newspapers , so that these news can help aspirants during the Xam.

Please Post authentic Information from news along with Source .